Means for locking tool-shanks and ferrules to handles.



W. F. HOBBS & C. W. GIBBS.

MEANS FOR LOCKING TOOL SH-ANKS AND FERRULES T0 HANDLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-1|. I917.

1,253,379. Patented Jan. 15, 1918.

WITNESSES A ATTORNEY --"ness or separation, for locking a round UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- WILLIS ironies A;ND .GHARLESW. GIBBS, or nnrnanroncr, connncrlcuniassrelvons TO THE,BRIDGEPORTVIHARDWARE MANUFACTURING conronrrrron, or BRIDGE- Pom, ooNnEcTIc T, ACORPORATION or CONNECTICUT.-

. ruminat on LOCKING \TOQL-SHANKSAND riinnuLns'ro HAivnLEs p Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 11, 1917. Serial No. 185,683.

ToaZZ-whom it mag concern:

Be it-known that we, IWILLIS FJ-Honss and CHARLES WV. GIBBS, citizens of the United States, residing atv Bridgeport, county of'Fairfield, State of Connecticut, have invented an: Improvement in Means for Locking Tool-Shanks and Ferrules to Handles,

of which the following is a specification.

- Thisinvention relates to the manufacture; of tools havin shanks seated in handles, and

the objectof t e invention is to provide suitable" and ine'xpen'sive means for locking the.

shank to the handle and preventing looseshank against turning in the handle and for locking the ferrule to the handle no matter how much the wood may shrink, and to accomplish these results without drilling either tool shank orferrule.

With these and other objects in view we have devised the novel locking means for tool shanks and ferrules which we will now describe referring to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification and using reference characters to indicate the several parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, illustrating the attachment to each other of a tool shank, ferrule and handle in accordance with our novel invention;

Fig. 2 a perspective view showing the parts disassembled and also showing a Variant form of locking key,

Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views showing the use of other forms of locking keys, and Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55 in Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.

10 denotes a tool shank which is simply round stock having a tool formed at one end thereof,- 11 the tenon of a wood handle and 12 a ferrule. The essential feature of the invention is that we look the tool shank against longitudinal movement relatively to the handle, lock it against rotation in the handle and lock the ferrule to the handle by means of a key or keys engaging the three parts and rigidly secured in place by the driving on of the ferrule. The handle is provided with the usual longitudinal bore 13 and the tenon is provided with a transverse recess 14:, which may extend only to the bore or may extend entirely through the tenon, intersecting the bore. The tool shank is provided with a recess or recesses 15 which are formed by punching' out metal on one side or on opposite sidesas -preferred. This punching operation is relatively'inexpensive and does away with the necessity for drilling which is an expensive operation. IVhen the parts are assembled therecessesin' the tool shank and handle-tenon are in alinement.

In eachpair 'ofcorresponding recesses we place a key 16, the inner end of which engages the tool shank and the f outer end of which proj ects slightlyabovethe face of the tenon. The special form of key used is not of the essence ofthe invention. o find in practice that flat ended plug keys such as shown in Fig. 1, and at the right in Fig. 2, answer the purpose admirably and are much cheaper to produce than other forms. If preferred, however, the plug keys may be made as shown at the left in Fig. 2, that is with their outer ends chamfered off and pro vided with central recesses 17, leaving circular engaging ribs as points of contact, or if preferred the plug keys may be made as shown in Fig. 3, that is with teats 18 at their outer ends to be engaged by the wall of the ferrule.

In Figs. l and 5, we have shown a form of the invention in which the key 19 is in the form of a segment of a disk and engages a corresponding transverse recess 20 in the tenon and a similar recess 21 in the tool shank.

The operation of assembling will be readily understood from Fig. 2. The ferrule is placed over the tool shank, then the tool shank is driven home in the handle, the recesses being placed in alinement with the recesses in the tenon, then thekey or keys are placed in the corresponding recesses in the tenon and the tool shank, and then the ferrule is driven to place over the tenon. As already explained the ends of the keys are left to project slightly beyond or outside the outer ends of the recesses in the tenon, so that when the ferrule is driven home there will be a substantially permanent frictional engagement of the ferrule and the keys, by reason of the engagement of such projections with the ferrule and the relative slight difference in angle of the inner surface of the ferrule and the outer ends of the keys, and the inner ends of the keys will be driven into rigid engagement with the rer'ateatea ianfiiaiois.

I 'ih the tool leaves ferrule, tool shank' end handlerigidly locked weigh-other, so that-there eanbe'no-endwise V orrotary'imovement'of the td 1;'shtnk;te 1atively to the handle and the ferrule 'remams locked to the key or keys even if ith e' tenon ed our i nyention, We

.f :hav itsfputerend projecting slightly outlie. I in the tenor; and" a n -ferrule 1 drivenjo pleee over the tenon, the vangle between the inner'surfhoe of 'the ferrule with res lalect to the outer end 01: the key; being tiomel agem entbetween the inner surface. 01 the s grulelend; the outer endeof the key! Side 1 that t substantially, permanent :f-ricthe angle of the inner. surface of the ferrule with respect tothe outer end of the key beli g spehthat the shank, tenon, and ferrule recess; a, hendle tenon evinglagreeess in V alinement therewith when the tool sh'enk i8 driven home, 'a ke inseid recesses-project:

ing slight1y outsi e theiess' in the tenon and a} ferrule driven home *over the twin,

*are united by a substantia lly permanentffrim .tional engagement."

7 '3. The method of see uring tool shanks;

handle 'tenons end ferrules to each-other,

'which'fconsists in: :providing recesses. in the Vshenks andvtenons which correspond when theshanksra're driven home, placmg keys in said corres onding; recesses and providi a substantial y" permanent frictional union utw-eenzthe parts by driving the ferrule home ovenjthetenons. I

- In testimony-whereof wtfiixiou signajtur 'i ri'i V W111lemons,

' 1 In'1:eomb1mt1on,;a toolJehank-havmg a V =CHARLES W.GIBBS;

mfamiemmm mine may; death; 6 v ennis the. iambic; o! Bitten, 

